Understanding Dandruff
In individuals with intense dandruff, there is an accelerated proliferation of scalp skin cells. This leads to the shedding of more skin flakes, created by the disruption of the normal structure of the stratum corneum and the abnormal accumulation of keratinized epidermal cells. Dandruff is common and affects about half of the population, with a higher prevalence among men. Symptoms include flaking and itching. The scalp has many hair follicles and pilosebaceous units that create a unique environment. Even in healthy conditions, the skin renews itself, shedding flakes. The size of these clusters determines the size of dandruff flakes. A large number of microorganisms live on the scalp, forming the microbiome. An imbalance in these organisms, with an increase in Staphylococcus and Malassezia, causes dandruff. Malassezia contributes to dandruff by metabolizing triglycerides and producing oleic acid, which penetrates the stratum corneum. Prolonged dandruff conditions can affect hair loss, as seen in androgenetic alopecia. It is important to reduce oxidative stress and restore sebum production to normal levels. Anti-dandruff shampoos help control the scalp microbiome and sebum production.
Effects of Untreated Dandruff?
Dandruff can cause embarrassing skin flakes, scalp itching, and discomfort. It is common and may appear as visible whitish flakes. It can be dry or oily, with larger and stickier flakes in the case of oily scalp. Severe oily dandruff causes redness. The main cause is excessive shedding from a yeast called Malassezia. Treatment requires a micro-exfoliating shampoo with an antifungal agent.
Complications of Dandruff
Dandruff is not contagious but can cause discomfort, itching, and may lead to abrasions if scratching excessively, increasing the risk of infection. It can be linked to various causes such as a fungus, poor dietary habits, stress, dry or oily skin, psoriasis, and sensitivity to hair products. It is important to avoid scratching, maintain a balanced diet, reduce stress factors, and use medicated shampoos. Dandruff predominantly affects men.
Dietary Recommendations for Dandruff Management
To reduce dandruff, consuming foods rich in zinc such as legumes, hazelnuts, and oats can be beneficial. Diet influences the presence of dandruff, with allicin, B vitamins, and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids offering benefits. Avoiding simple sugars and foods high in saturated fats can help, as well as limiting alcoholic beverages.
Non-Washing Solutions for Dandruff Removal
Applying natural oils like almond, jojoba, or coconut oil helps dissolve flakes and provide relief. It is important not to vigorously rub and recognize the nature of dandruff, whether dry or oily, to tailor care. Avoid aggressive products and practices that may stress the scalp.
Frequency of Hair Washing for Dandruff Control
Washing hair and scalp 2 to 3 times a week with a gentle shampoo containing antifungal actives, soothing compounds, and cell proliferation regulators is recommended. The frequency of washing should be tailored to the type of dandruff, with a higher washing frequency for dry dandruff compared to oily dandruff.
Quick Dandruff Removal Techniques
Apply baking soda on wet scalp and massage for 3-5 minutes before rinsing, without using shampoo. This home remedy combats the fungi responsible for dandruff.